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Law on Higher Education and Research (France) : ウィキペディア英語版 | Law on Higher Education and Research (France)
The Law on Higher Education and Research of July 22, 2013 replaced laws promulgated by the previous French government in 2006 and 2007 (for example the law on Liberties and Responsibilities of Universities) regarding the organization and autonomy of universities and other research and higher education institutions in France. During the 2012 French presidential election, François Hollande promised to review and improve conditions for undergraduate and graduate education and research in French universities. Shortly after the election, Geneviève Fioraso, minister for higher education and research, launched an assessment process led by an independent committee in dialogue with the university community. The committee presented a report on December 17, 2012 containing 135 recommendations. Some of the proposals received criticism, but these formed the basis for the new law presented to the National Assembly (France) in March 2013, and adopted into law July 22, 2013. Other than a dispute over the introduction of English into university courses there was little public debate. == Contents of the Law == The first title of the new law concerned general principles such as teaching in the French language,〔Articles L121-3 of the code de l’Éducation, modified by article 2 of the law on higher education and research〕 or the use of Free software. Ministers in charge of Higher Education and Research would be responsible for 5-year strategic national plans. The law describes national limits on general professional degrees and minimal percentages on professional graduates and technological graduates. Students have a right to access more selective university programs if they have sufficiently high grades on their baccalauréat (high school graduation exam).
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